I'm not sure what I expected of the canal and I was really impressed.
I could have spent the entire day there watching the ships come through. They have made a great visitor center with a four story museum and movies in Spanish and English about the canal. There was a very great guide who talked, in the viewing stands, almost non-stop in both English and Spanish, explaining details of the canal and how it works!
From the air you can see all the ships waiting to enter the canal zone.
Boats that were waiting out at sea have come into the canal zone.
Note the tug boat pulling the boat to the locks. Once they get to the locks they are attached to carts on both sides of the ship. These carts pull the ship through the lock and keep them from hitting the sides of the locks.
The large cranes along the shore are for unloading containers off the container ships.
Ships have to pay their fees in cash, 2 days in advance of being
allowed into the canal zone.
Once a boat enters the canal zone, a Canal Captain boards the boat and becomes the Captain of the ship, responsible for guiding the boat all the way through the canal. The regular captain relinquishes his control of his ship to the canal captain for that duration. The canal is 50 miles long and it take 8 to 10 hours for a ship to pass through the canal.
Container ship had passed through the locks just as I got to the viewing area.
I couldn't figure out why there are locks in the canal zone. Aren't the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans both at sea level? Isn't that the same for both oceans? Come to find out at both ends of the canal, Pacific and Atlantic sides, there are locks. The locks lift the boats where they are entering the canal. (Pacific side or Atlantic side) to the level of the Gatun Lake that they need to traverse to get to through the canal. Gatun Lake is a man made lake that makes up a major part of the canal zone.
This map from Wikipedia shows the route. I'm in the Panama City end of the canal.
A cruise ship is coming into the lock closest to the viewing area.
Notice how high it is sitting.
It's as exciting for the passengers on the ship as it is for us.
Every level and every railing is full of passengers!
Note the carts on each side of the ship, pulling the ship through.
They let the water out of the lock to drop it down to the Pacific Ocean level 85 feet.
This takes about 10 minutes to drain the lock(which fills the other side of the lock.
The canal operates 24 hours a day.
In the morning, midnight to noon, the ships traveling west to east are passing through. Then in the pm-noon to midnight, there is east to west traffic. Once the lock empties out, the double gates open. letting the ship pass through. There are extreme precautions taken(hence double gates) so the locks are not damaged. If the gates/locks failed, it would release the water out of Gatun Lake flooding the towns down stream.
Even very small boats can go through the canal.
This is a group of sailboats waiting in the far lock for their turn to enter the lock.
They either go through with another larger ship or bunched together to make it cost effective.
They paid $2,000 or less to pass through the canal.
A large commercial ship pay an average of $150,000.
This is less than it would cost to sail around South America!
Ships are now built for the size of the canal. They call them Panamax vessels.
This is a very simplified look at the canal. There is much more including the other lakes, the third lock, etc.


